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  <title>Jazz.com - All</title>
  <id>tag:jazz.com,2009:Jazz.com</id>
  <link href="http://jazz.com/feed/feed.xml" rel="self" type="application/atom+xml"/>
  <link href="http://jazz.com/" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
  <updated>2009-11-06T15:00:54Z</updated>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>chriskelsey</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-11-06:17079</id>
    <published>2009-11-06T15:00:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-11-06T15:00:54Z</updated>
    <category term="Features and Interviews"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/features-and-interviews/2009/11/6/in-conversation-with-tim-sparks" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>In Conversation with Tim Sparks</title>
<content type="html">
              <![CDATA[
<p>
<b>By <a href="/search?q=Pamela Espeland">Pamela Espeland</a></b>
</p>
<div style="float:right">
<img src=http://jazz.com/assets/2009/9/1/Tim_Sparks_1.jpg hspace=10 vspace=7><br><br>
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<i>Tim Sparks</i> (Photo courtesy of Tim Sparks)<br>
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<p>
You can approach guitarist Tim Sparks’ music from several directions. You can enter through Tchaikovsky’s <i><a href= http://rcm.amazon.com/e/cm?t=jazzcom-20&o=1&p=8&l=as1&asins=B000025M5S&fc1=000000&IS2=1&lt1=_blank&m=amazon&lc1=0000FF&bc1=000000&bg1=FFFFFF&f=ifr>Nutcracker Suite</a></i>, originally arranged for orchestra, rearranged by ...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>ted</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-11-05:17546</id>
    <published>2009-11-05T15:29:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-11-05T16:12:35Z</updated>
    <category term="Music"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/music/2009/11/5/jonathon-haffner-new-year" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Jonathon Haffner: New Year</title>
<content type="html">
              <![CDATA[
The review copies of Christmas CDs started arriving in my mailbox around Labor Day, but poor New Year's Day only has this one tribute so far this season.  But any smart bandleader would trade five reindeer for one Jonathon Haffner in a heartbeat.  Here he works with producer David Binney (who, sad to say, left his horn at home) on a probing project in the company of some like-minded associates.  "New Year" starts with a nostalgic theme, more fitting perhaps for throwing out the old rather than bringing in the new, over a medium tempo that always seems on the verge of unwinding into free time.  The drums play around the beat rather than push it, and result is an open aural terrain which sets off the soloists all the more vividly.  Taborn arpeggiates himself outside conventional harmony,...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>ted</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-11-04:17539</id>
    <published>2009-11-04T18:37:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-11-04T18:53:04Z</updated>
    <category term="Music"/>
    <category term="blue in green"/>
    <category term="miles davis covers"/>
    <category term="piano"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/music/2009/11/4/marc-copland-gary-peacock-blue-in-green" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Marc Copland &amp; Gary Peacock: Blue in Green</title>
<content type="html">
              <![CDATA[
In a more discerning universe, Marc Copland would be far better known.  I first encountered his music in the mid-1980s, when an acquaintance sent me an amateur tape of a NY club gig by the pianist.  I was deeply impressed then, and expected a grand career from this artist.  Copland has not disappointed me—his <i>music-making</i> has repeatedly lived up to the highest expectations—however the jazz audience <i>has</i> surprised me by not embracing his bracing pianism.   Copland has recorded extensively, invariably drawing on the finest collaborators, and has proven again and again that his own playing is at the same world class level as his better known associates.  Yet, despite his considerable musical achievements, Marc's name recognition, outside of a small, knowledgeable inner circle...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>ted</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-11-03:17538</id>
    <published>2009-11-03T16:16:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-11-03T16:18:53Z</updated>
    <category term="Music"/>
    <category term="tenor sax"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/music/2009/11/3/houston-person-lester-leaps-in" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Houston Person: Lester Leaps In</title>
<content type="html">
              <![CDATA[
The CD is entitled <i>Mellow</i>, but Houston Person closes it with a track that is anything but.  Lester Young's personal take on "I Got Rhythm" changes serves as a platform for hard-swinging at a pace somewhere north of 300 beats per minute.  Person may be best known for his soulful tenor stylings and his many years spent accompanying Etta James, but this outing is situated at that intersection where bop and Kansas City swing meet.  And, frankly, if you plan to hang out at any intersection, you could hardly pick a better one, my friend.  Person shows off more technique than usual, and the rhythm section plays with confidence.   Drummond sticks to walking lines, even during his solo, but he is a major source of swing here.  But at a little over three minutes, the track is all too shor...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>ted</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-11-03:17002</id>
    <published>2009-11-03T15:18:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-11-03T15:29:32Z</updated>
    <category term="The Jazz.com Blog"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/jazz-blog/2009/11/3/molde-nicholson-one" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Inside View of a Jazz Success Story</title>
<content type="html">
              <![CDATA[
<hr width="200"><br><p><font size="-1">Stuart Nicholson looks at the inner workings of one of the most successful jazz events in the world—the annual Molde Jazz Festival.  Now in its 50th year, the festival draws 100,000 fans to a city with a population of only 25,000.   Below is the first installment of Nicholson’s two-part article. <b>T.G.</b></font size> </p>
<hr width="200"><br>


<p><img src="/assets/2009/8/20/sir_thomas_beechamAG195.jpg"  align="right" vspace="0" hspace="6" border="0" alt="Sir Thomas Beecham"  title="Sir Thomas Beecham"></p>


<p>
From the early 20th century until his death in 1961, conductor Sir Thomas Beecham transformed musical life in the United Kingdom. And while London still has two symphony orchestras that were founded by him, The London Philharmon...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>ted</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-11-02:17536</id>
    <published>2009-11-02T16:28:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-11-02T16:40:01Z</updated>
    <category term="Music"/>
    <category term="ecm"/>
    <category term="italy"/>
    <category term="piano trio"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/music/2009/11/2/stefano-bollani-orvieto" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Stefano Bollani: Orvieto</title>
<content type="html">
              <![CDATA[
The Italian jazz piano tradition is especially distinguished, with artists such as Enrico Pieranunzi, Franco D’Andrea, Dado Moroni, and Giorgio Gaslini having set the standard, over a period of years, with an impressive body of work.  Despite the quality of their music, however, these artists are still mostly forgotten when American critics vote in their various polls and hand out "best of year" honors.   But Stefano Bollani, the relative youngster here, is proving harder to ignore, and even the jingoistic reviewers who seem to root invariably for home town talent need to pay attention to this exemplary pianist from Milan, whose improvisations are so fresh and untethered to the conventional.  Once again on this track from his 2009 CD <i>Stone in the Water</i>, Bollani puts together the...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>ted</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-11-01:17525</id>
    <published>2009-11-01T15:51:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-11-01T16:03:14Z</updated>
    <category term="Music"/>
    <category term="poland"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/music/2009/11/1/komeda-project-ballad-for-bernt" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Komeda Project: Ballad for Bernt</title>
<content type="html">
              <![CDATA[
Tribute bands, for better or worse, are increasingly setting the tone for the jazz scene.  But a tribute band dedicated to an artist outside the American hegemonic sphere is unusual, and even more so when the focus is on a musician best known as a film composer.  Yet Krzysztof Komeda (1931-1969) is a deserving figure, and his work back in the 1960s played an important role in establishing the European jazz aesthetic that has spawned so many later bands and recordings.  As a follow-up to their 2007 CD <i>Crazy Girl</i> the Komeda Project has returned with <i>Requiem</i>, and here they present a composition drawn from the score for the Roman Polanski film <i>Knife in the Water</i>.  The piece is a languorous ballad in a Strayhorn-esque vein, and Russ Johnson steps to the fore on this tra...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>chriskelsey</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-11-01:16847</id>
    <published>2009-11-01T14:38:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-11-01T14:51:15Z</updated>
    <category term="Features and Interviews"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/features-and-interviews/2009/11/1/in-conversation-with-terence-blanchard" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>In Conversation with Terence Blanchard</title>
<content type="html">
              <![CDATA[
<p><b>By <a href="/search?q=Ted Panken">Ted Panken</b></a>
</p>

<div style="float:right">
<img src=http://jazz.com/assets/2009/8/6/blanchard-1b-byjennybagertAG400.jpg hspace=10 vspace=7><br><br>
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<i>Terence Blanchard</i>, by Jenny Bagert<br>.
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<p>About twenty years ago, when he was writing the music for Spike Lee's <i><a href=http://rcm.amazon.com/e/cm?t=jazzcom-20&o=1&p=8&l=as1&asins=B000E40QC4&fc1=000000&IS2=1&lt1=_blank&m=amazon&lc1=0000FF&bc1=000000&bg1=FFFFFF&f=ifr>Jungle Fever</a></i>, his first film score, trumpeter Terence Blanchard took a hiatus from a successful...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>ted</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-31:17523</id>
    <published>2009-10-31T20:23:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-31T20:39:43Z</updated>
    <category term="The Jazz.com Blog"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/jazz-blog/2009/10/31/songs-of-day-oct09" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>The Best Tracks of the Month</title>
<content type="html">
              <![CDATA[
<p><img src="/assets/2009/10/31/AyeletRoseGottlieb-UptoHereFromHereAG200.jpg "  align="right" vspace="0" hspace="9"border="0"></a></p>

<p>Five days per week, jazz.com highlights an oustanding recent track as part of its <i>Song of the Day</i> feature.   The aim is to guide listeners through the confusing array of new CDs on the market, and direct them to superior music they might otherwise miss.  
</p>







<p>Some of the names below will be familiar, and a few—Hank Jones, Gerald Wilson—are famous veterans who were gigging back in the Swing Era.   Yet many of the tracks highlighted come from new or little-known artists who have released self-produced disks or are working with small indie labels.  </p>

<p><img src="/assets/2009/10/31/albumcoveregbertogismontisaudacoesAG...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>tedpanken</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-29:17115</id>
    <published>2009-10-29T18:37:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-29T18:37:42Z</updated>
    <category term="Music"/>
    <category term="1990s jazz"/>
    <category term="piano trio"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/music/2009/10/29/ray-brown-trio-f-s-r" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Ray Brown Trio: F.S.R.</title>
<content type="html">
              <![CDATA[
“F.S.R.” was one of the Ray Brown Trio’s most popular songs. The story is: It was a <a href=http://www.jazz.com/encyclopedia/jackson-milt-milton>Milt Jackson</a> record for Pablo called <a href=http://rcm.amazon.com/e/cm?t=jazzcom-20&o=1&p=8&l=as1&asins=B000000XKK&fc1=000000&IS2=1&lt1=_blank&m=amazon&lc1=0000FF&bc1=000000&bg1=FFFFFF&f=ifr><I>A London Bridge</I></a> with <a href=http://www.jazz.com/encyclopedia/alexander-monty-bernard>Monty Alexander</a>, Ray, and Mickey Roker, and they were recording “Doxy.” Ray, of course, always in arranging mode, came up with a shout chorus to play after the solos. Apparently, Ray and all of the guys liked the shout chorus so much they said, “Well, why play ‘Doxy’? Let’s just make the shout chorus the actual chorus.” Allegedly, Ray said, “Yeah, that...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>ted</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-29:17522</id>
    <published>2009-10-29T14:55:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-29T15:15:50Z</updated>
    <category term="Music"/>
    <category term="organ trio"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/music/2009/10/29/joey-defrancesco-fly-me-to-the-moon" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Joey DeFrancesco: Fly Me to the Moon</title>
<content type="html">
              <![CDATA[
I can appreciate the nuances of chamber jazz or Third Stream experimentation even when the music is recorded in the sterile solitude of the studio.  But the organ trio always sounds best in a live setting.  Maybe a scientist will someday discover that those Hammond drawbars have a hidden connection to the central nervous system, thus drawing on the collective energies of the audience. In the meantime, I will continue to enjoy those memorable live recordings of the great organists of jazz past.  On the current roster, Joey DeFrancesco holds pride of place, and establishes his credentials again on this live recording made in March 2009.  As on those historic live albums by Jimmy Smith, Jimmy McGriff, Dr. Lonnie Smith, and other pioneering organ donors to our collective welfare, the fans ...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>ted</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-28:17519</id>
    <published>2009-10-28T17:52:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-28T17:53:11Z</updated>
    <category term="The Jazz.com Blog"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/jazz-blog/2009/10/28/the-birth-and-death-of-the-cool" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>The Birth (and Death) of the Cool</title>
<content type="html">
              <![CDATA[
<hr width="200"><br><p><font size="-1"> This week marks the publication of my new book, <a href=https://www.amazon.com/dp/1933108312?tag=jazzcom-20&camp=0&creative=0&linkCode=as1&creativeASIN=1933108312&adid=12M0FD5DCQEGV88ZJ5NS& target="blank"> <i>The Birth (and Death) of the Cool</i></a>.  With the permission of the publisher, I am sharing an extract below.  Also, note that I will be making an appearance in the Los Angeles area this Friday, October 30, at <a href=http://www.booksoup.com/>Book Soup</a>—on 8818 Sunset Boulevard—at 7 PM.</a>
 <b>T.G.</b></font size> </p>
<hr width="200"><br>







<p><a href=https://www.amazon.com/dp/1933108312?tag=jazzcom-20&camp=0&creative=0&linkCode=as1&creativeASIN=1933108312&adid=12M0FD5DCQEGV88ZJ5NS& target="blank"><img src=" /assets/20...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>ted</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-28:17518</id>
    <published>2009-10-28T14:52:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-28T14:53:02Z</updated>
    <category term="Music"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/music/2009/10/28/ike-sturm-kyrie" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Ike Sturm: Kyrie</title>
<content type="html">
              <![CDATA[
For a music so closely associated with vice, from Storyville to the speakeasies and beyond, jazz has developed a surprisingly robust tradition of sacred music.  Artists as diverse as Duke Ellington and Vince Guaraldi have recorded sacred concerts;  both Dave Brubeck and Mary Lou Williams composed extended liturgical works after their conversion to Catholicism; and, in fact, many of the finest jazz performers of the modern era—John Coltrane and Keith Jarrett's American quartet come to mind—manage to evoke a quasi-ritualistic spirituality in the midst of purely secular outings.  
<br><br>Ike Sturm works within this niche tradition, and matches up a top drawer jazz combo with strings and choir for a full mass, from Kyrie to closing hymn, in a manner that avoids the typical pitfalls of th...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>timwilkins</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-27:17509</id>
    <published>2009-10-27T14:39:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-28T00:36:49Z</updated>
    <category term="The Jazz.com Blog"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/jazz-blog/2009/10/27/revenge-of-the-six-way-mustache" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>The Brooklyn Big Band Bonanza, or, Revenge of the Six-Way Mustache</title>
<content type="html">
              <![CDATA[
<hr width="200"><br><p><font size="-1">Tim Wilkins, a regular contributor here, recently attended the Brooklyn Big Band Bonanza, a blowout event with so many large jazz ensembles on hand that the musicians almost outnumbered the audience.  His report is below. <b>T.G.</b></font size> </p>
<hr width="200"><br>

<div style="float:right">
<img src=/assets/2009/10/26/Industrial_Jazz_GroupAG340.jpg vspace=7 hspace=10><br><br>
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<b>The Industrial Jazz Group</b>
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 <p>Are big bands cool? <a href="/features-and-interviews/2009/9/5/in-conversation-with-darcy-james-argue">Darcy James Argue </a>doesn't think so.  "It's a dorky way to make m...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>ted</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-26:17510</id>
    <published>2009-10-26T14:14:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-26T14:24:40Z</updated>
    <category term="Music"/>
    <category term="ellington covers"/>
    <category term="piano"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/music/2009/10/26/hank-jones-oliver-jones-what-am-i-here-for" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Hank Jones &amp; Oliver Jones: What Am I Here For?</title>
<content type="html">
              <![CDATA[
I am just pleased that the label didn't go for a cornier joke in the title.  <i>Have You Met Mr. Jones?  Me and Mr. Jones?  Keeping Up with the Joneses?</i>  After all, these are <i>serious</i> artists and among the eldest of the elder statesmen, the venerable Hank, a month shy of his 90th birthday when he made this recording, and the relative youngster Oliver, a spry 74-years-old at the time.   The newcomer here is the song, a fine Ellington composition from his great early 1940s band which deserves to be heard more often.  Matching up two jazz pianists is not always a smart idea.  Twenty fingers can stir up plenty of commotion, and create murky new chord voicings that, like the sweet melodies in Keats's poem, are better left unheard.  But when two gentlemen of the keys with such tast...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>ted</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-24:16636</id>
    <published>2009-10-24T14:18:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-24T21:06:42Z</updated>
    <category term="The Jazz.com Blog"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/jazz-blog/2009/10/24/barnes-guitar-three" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Guitar Hero, Jazz Style</title>
<content type="html">
              <![CDATA[
<hr width="200"><br><p><font size="-1">Bill Barnes concludes his three-part article on the role of guitar in jazz below.  Click here for parts <a href=/jazz-blog/2009/10/5/barnes-guitar-one>one</a> and <a href=/jazz-blog/2009/10/12/barnes-guitar-two>two</a>. <b>T.G.</b></font size> </p>
<hr width="200"><br>


<p>
The “audience factor” can no longer be ignored.  We are fast approaching a period in which jazz musicians may outnumber the people who want to hear them play.  When that happens, we will no longer have a living, breathing art; we will be left with a hobbyist-driven artifact, the musical equivalent of Latin, a dead language spoken only in lecture halls and courtrooms.
</p>

<p><img src="/assets/2009/10/24/guitarstringsAG200.jpg"  align="left" vspace="0" hspace="9"border...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>tomcunniffe</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-23:17497</id>
    <published>2009-10-23T00:06:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-23T00:09:08Z</updated>
    <category term="Encyclopedia"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/encyclopedia/2009/10/23/wardell-anita" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Wardell, Anita</title>
<content type="html">
              <![CDATA[
<p><b>Wardell, Anita</b>, vocals (b. Guildford, Surrey, England, 1961). One of the world's finest scat singers, Anita Wardell is virtually unknown outside of Europe and Australia. Although born in England, her family moved to Australia when she was a child and she spent her formative years there. She was first exposed to jazz through her father's collection of big band recordings, but it wasn't until her high school years that she first considered singing jazz and not until college that she first learned to scat. Unlike most vocalists who improvise by ear, Wardell has a thorough knowledge of chords and scales, and thus can incorporate chromatic harmony into her improvisations with ease. Her recording of  "My Shining Hour" includes one of her best scat solos on record. A review of that ...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>tomcunniffe</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-22:17495</id>
    <published>2009-10-22T23:35:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-22T23:36:47Z</updated>
    <category term="Encyclopedia"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/encyclopedia/2009/10/22/bolton-dupree" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Bolton, Dupree</title>
<content type="html">
              <![CDATA[
<p><b>Bolton, Dupree</b>, trumpet (b. Oklahoma City, March 3, 1929, d. June 5, 1993, Oakland, California). Dupree Bolton is one of the most obscure performers in the history of jazz. His turbulent personal life nearly sidelined his entire career. His entire recorded legacy consists of a solo on a 1944 Buddy Johnson 78 (and it may not be Bolton soloing), the 1959 Harold Land LP, <i>The Fox</i>, the 1963 Curtis Amy LP,<i> Katanga</i>, an appearance with Amy on a Los Angeles TV show, an aborted 2-song session with alto saxophonist Earl Anzera, a session with the Onzy Matthews band and four virtually unknown recordings from 1980 with the Oklahoma Correctional Institute Jazz Ensemble (Of these, only the Johnson, Land & Amy recordings were on major labels, the prison recording had limited di...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>#&lt;StaffReviewer:0x2ae1a13894a8&gt;</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-22:131</id>
    <updated>2009-10-22T22:47:42Z</updated>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/dozens/the-dozens-bill-frisell" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>THE DOZENS: BILL FRISELL</title>
<summary type="html"><![CDATA[<p><img src="/assets/2009/10/22/bill_frisell_by_michael_wilson_AG275.jpg"  align="right" vspace="0" hspace="9"border="0" alt="Bill Frisell by Michael Wilson "  title="Bill Frisell by Michael Wilson "></p>

<p>As unassumingly as Bill Frisell presents himself in his everyday life is as fiery and unabashedly bold he is with his musical choices.  A stylistic chameleon once all-too-appropriately deemed the “Clark Kent of jazz,” his fascination with and dedication to collective improvisation and his early training with Dale Bruning and Jim Hall imparts a jazz <i>approach</i> to most everything Frisell does – regardless of whether it sounds like jazz, or country, or folk, or rock, or a fusion of all, or none of the above.  But the truth of the matter is that stylistic categorization hardly mat...]]></summary><content type="html">
              <![CDATA[<p><img src="/assets/2009/10/22/bill_frisell_by_michael_wilson_AG275.jpg"  align="right" vspace="0" hspace="9"border="0" alt="Bill Frisell by Michael Wilson "  title="Bill Frisell by Michael Wilson "></p>

<p>As unassumingly as Bill Frisell presents himself in his everyday life is as fiery and unabashedly bold he is with his musical choices.  A stylistic chameleon once all-too-appropriately deemed the “Clark Kent of jazz,” his fascination with and dedication to collective improvisation and his early training with Dale Bruning and Jim Hall imparts a jazz <i>approach</i> to most everything Frisell does – regardless of whether it sounds like jazz, or country, or folk, or rock, or a fusion of all, or none of the above.  But the truth of the matter is that stylistic categorization hardly mat...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>tomcunniffe</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-22:17493</id>
    <published>2009-10-22T21:54:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-22T21:55:22Z</updated>
    <category term="Encyclopedia"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/encyclopedia/2009/10/22/amy-curtis" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Amy, Curtis</title>
<content type="html">
              <![CDATA[
<p><b>Amy, Curtis</b>, tenor sax, soprano sax (b. Houston, Texas, October 11, 1929, d. June 5, 2002, Los Angeles). A soulful player in the "Texas tenor" tradition, Curtis Amy was a fixture on the early 1960s LA jazz scene before turning his attention to pop music. While he recorded two sides in Houston with his own group in 1948, and recorded a 1955 session with Dizzy Gillespie, Amy's true breakthrough came in a series of 6 albums for Pacific Jazz (all collected on a Mosaic Select set bearing Amy's name). The albums display Amy's range from funky tenor with organ on <i>Meetin' Here</i> to the burning hard bop of <i>Katanga</i> (the latter co-led with the brilliant, but forgotten trumpeter Dupree Bolton). Amy was also a star soloist for the Onzy Mathews big band, appearing with that gro...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>tomcunniffe</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-22:17491</id>
    <published>2009-10-22T21:20:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-22T21:21:41Z</updated>
    <category term="Encyclopedia"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/encyclopedia/2009/10/22/paich-marty" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Paich, Marty</title>
<content type="html">
              <![CDATA[
<p><b>Paich, Marty</b> (Martin Louis Paich), composer, arranger, piano, accordion (b. Oakland, California, January 23, 1925, d. August 12, 1995, Santa Ynez, California). One of the most prolific arrangers in jazz and pop music, Marty Paich arranged and/or conducted on over 1000 albums. Among the singers he accompanied were Frank Sinatra, Barbra Streisand, Mel Tormé, Aretha Franklin, Sarah Vaughan, Ray Charles and Michael Jackson. He led bands in Oakland from the age of 10, and attended several California colleges before graduating magna cum laude with a Master's in Music from the Los Angeles Conservatory of Music. Like many of the West Coast jazz players, he was an avid student of composition, with his primary studies with the classical composer Mario Castelnuevo-Tedesco. Paich played ...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>tomcunniffe</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-22:17490</id>
    <published>2009-10-22T20:36:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-22T22:32:09Z</updated>
    <category term="Encyclopedia"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/encyclopedia/2009/10/22/hope-elmo" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Hope, Elmo</title>
<content type="html">
              <![CDATA[
<p><b>Hope, Elmo</b> (St. Elmo Sylvester Hope), piano, composer (b. New York City, June 27, 1923, d. May 19, 1967, New York City). Elmo Hope was a childhood friend of Bud Powell. Although it has been said that Hope was the equal of Powell as a pianist, his recordings do not bear out that assessment. In fact, his recordings as a pianist are quite uneven, which doubtlessly was a result of his ongoing addiction to heroin. His first recordings were with the Joe Morris rhythm and blues band, but his first jazz recording was with the Clifford Brown-Lou Donaldson Sextet on a 1953 Blue Note date, which was also the trumpeter's jazz debut. Hope provided three fine compositions to the date: "Bellarosa", "De-Dah" and "Carvin' The Rock" (the last co-composed by Sonny Rollins). Nine days later, Hop...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>tomcunniffe</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-22:17488</id>
    <published>2009-10-22T20:05:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-22T20:06:11Z</updated>
    <category term="Encyclopedia"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/encyclopedia/2009/10/22/counce-curtis" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Counce, Curtis</title>
<content type="html">
              <![CDATA[
<p><b>Counce, Curtis</b>, bass (b. Kansas City, Missouri, January 23, 1926, d. July 31, 1963, Los Angeles).
One of the first African-Americans to embrace West Coast jazz, Curtis Counce recorded prolifically from 1945-1960. His first recordings were with Johnny Otis, but his first important jazz recording was with Lester Young. He played on Shorty Rogers' big band LP<i>Cool and Crazy</i> and on classic California recordings by Shelly Manne, Herb Geller, Red Norvo, Jimmy Giuffre, Clifford Brown and Teddy Charles. He played in the Stan Kenton orchestra for a 1956 European tour, and later that year, started his own band, the Curtis Counce Group. On its first recordings, the group comprised Jack Sheldon on trumpet, Harold Land (recently departed from the Clifford Brown-Max Roach quintet) o...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>tomcunniffe</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-22:17487</id>
    <published>2009-10-22T19:38:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-22T19:39:54Z</updated>
    <category term="Encyclopedia"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/encyclopedia/2009/10/22/smith-johnny" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Smith, Johnny</title>
<content type="html">
              <![CDATA[
<p><b>Smith, Johnny</b> (John Henry Smith, Jr), guitar (b. Birmingham, Alabama, June 25, 1922). Johnny Smith may be the ultimate “musician’s musician”. Entirely self-taught on guitar, his brilliant yet understated technique has been the envy of many aspiring musicians. His first professional job was with a hillbilly band, Uncle Lem and the Mountain Boys, but he soon heard jazz on the radio and taught himself to play in that style. He enlisted in the Army Air Corps, and after being rejected as a pilot due to imperfect vision, he joined the military band. When he left the military, he was a seasoned professional musician and sought his fame in New York City. He was the first choice of conductor Dimitri Mitropoulos to play on recordings of Schoenberg’s “Serenade” and Berg’s opera “Wozzeck...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>tomcunniffe</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-22:17485</id>
    <published>2009-10-22T19:10:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-22T19:11:34Z</updated>
    <category term="Encyclopedia"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/encyclopedia/2009/10/22/mooney-joe" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Mooney, Joe</title>
<content type="html">
              <![CDATA[
<p><b>Mooney, Joe</b>, vocals, accordion, piano, organ (b. Paterson, New Jersey, March 14, 1911, d. May 12, 1975, Ft. Lauderdale, Florida). While he achieved temporary popularity during three different periods of his life, Joe Mooney never found lasting success in music. Between 1929-1931, he recorded with his brother Dan as "The Sunshine Boys" (an ironic title as both were blind). On the total of 20 sides recorded, the accompaniment included Tommy Dorsey, Joe Venuti, Dick McDonough and Benny Goodman. Joe played piano and accordion on several of the sides. Joe and Dan also did some radio work, but by 1936, the pair split and Dan faded into obscurity. Joe arranged for the Frank Dailey Orchestra, a group later led by Buddy Rogers. Mooney also did free-lance arranging for Vincent Lopez, L...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>ted</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-22:17482</id>
    <published>2009-10-22T16:26:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-22T16:41:12Z</updated>
    <category term="Music"/>
    <category term="alto sax"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/music/2009/10/22/loren-stillman-man-of-mystery" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Loren Stillman: Man of Mystery</title>
<content type="html">
              <![CDATA[
In the hands of Loren Stillman, jazz is an austere art.  His music is purged of licks and thrives in a funk-free zone.   Melodic lines from various members of the band meet and participate in an uneasy dance, but never embrace.  Phrases are angular and prefer to ask questions rather than resolve them.   Instead of navigating through chord changes, the band delivers a shifting array of textures.   The musicians sometimes hint coyly at a pulse, but like a prim first date, won't let you feel it for a more than a moment.  Stillman doesn't look to his bandmates for support, but rather as a maze through which he works his own intricate path.  His labyrinthine solo is the highlight here.   No, you won't hear this music on the smooth jazz station, and maybe not on any radio station at all.  Bu...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>jaredpauley</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-22:17480</id>
    <published>2009-10-22T10:50:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-22T10:51:21Z</updated>
    <category term="Music"/>
    <category term="2000s jazz"/>
    <category term="trombone jazz"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/music/2009/10/22/samuel-blaser-red-hook" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Samuel Blaser: Red Hook</title>
<content type="html">
              <![CDATA[
It’s free and a little out there, but “Red Hook” does have a definable head that quickly afterwards probes deeply into the harmonic possibilities introduced by the dissonant theme. Morgan suggests the main lines before stating them outright in his solo, and then Blaser slows down the proceedings to ruminate for a while. The oddity---and indeed, the special allure of this song---is derived from Neufeld; juxtaposing his modern rock-ish guitar against sixties “new thing” jazz creates a tonal footprint like no other. He spars with Blaser and prod Sorey, using the forceful, amped sound of his guitar as an instigator as much as he does with his phrasing. <br><br>


After a sudden signal by the leader, the wickedly tricky theme is played faster to take the song out. “Red Hook” is undeniabl...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>timwilkins</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-20:17483</id>
    <published>2009-10-20T17:42:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-22T17:45:17Z</updated>
    <category term="Encyclopedia"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/encyclopedia/2009/10/20/sims-peter-la-roca" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Sims, Peter &#8220;La Roca&#8221;</title>
<content type="html">
              <![CDATA[
<p>Drummer Pete “La Roca” Sims' smooth groove, sense of swing and fantastic four-limb coordination made him ideally suited to the small-group explorations of the 1950s and 1960s. He performed with <a href="/encyclopedia/henderson-joe">Joe Henderson, </a> <a href="/encyclopedia/coltrane-john-john-william">John Coltrane</a> and <a href="/encyclopedia/bley-paul">Paul Bley </a>during a transitional period for jazz, when elements of bop, hard bop, and free jazz were being experimentally combined.<p><p>Sims thrived when providing a clean, swinging groove, but he was openly uncomfortable in the worlds of outright free jazz and fusion, and was absent from jazz hroughout much of the 1970s, 1980s, through the mid 1990s.  His return to the jazz scene sparked a revival of interest in his work has ...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>ted</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-20:17471</id>
    <published>2009-10-20T16:39:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-20T21:56:35Z</updated>
    <category term="Music"/>
    <category term="brazil"/>
    <category term="classical jazz"/>
    <category term="ecm"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/music/2009/10/20/egberto-gismonti-sertes-veredas" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Egberto Gismonti: Sert&#245;es Veredas</title>
<content type="html">
              <![CDATA[
When jazz musicians compose orchestral works, so many things can go wrong.  Often the artist's distinctive personality disappears in the translation into complex scores; or the influence of models from classical music overwhelms the jazz ingredients; or—perhaps the most common problem—the rhythmic vitality, so essential to jazz music, is missing in action, either because it never made its way into the notation or due to the inherent difficulty in getting symphonic players to assimilate a groove outside their previous experience.  "Symphonic jazz" may not be a oxymoron, but its success stories are as rare as steak tartare.
<br><br>
But Egberto Gismonti's <i>Sertões Veredas</i> avoids the pitfalls, and emerges as a masterpiece of classical-jazz cross-fertilization.  I'm not sure if thi...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>timwilkins</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-20:17479</id>
    <published>2009-10-20T02:31:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-22T21:03:15Z</updated>
    <category term="Encyclopedia"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/encyclopedia/2009/10/20/catlett-big-sid-sidney" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Catlett, Big Sid (Sidney)</title>
<content type="html">
              <![CDATA[
<p>Drummer “Big” Sid Catlett's beat was steady and infectious, and made him one of the more complete drummers of the Swing Era. His concentration on interacting and locking in with others in the rhythm section created an uncommonly high level of communication. His use of dynamics greatly enhanced drama on the bandstand, and his consummate showmanship as a big man with a gentle touch and smooth technical finesse made him a favorite of fans and musicians alike. <p><p>Catlett was also one of the few pre-bop drummers who comfortably transitioned from big bands into the small combos of postwar jazz, which makes his discography a complete historical representation of one of the most significant evolutionary periods in jazz history. <p><p>Catlett, along with <a href=" /encyclopedia/haynes-roy...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>timwilkins</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-20:17472</id>
    <published>2009-10-20T01:47:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-21T01:48:44Z</updated>
    <category term="Encyclopedia"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/encyclopedia/2009/10/20/pepper-art-arthur-edward-pepper-jr" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Pepper, Art (Arthur Edward Pepper Jr.) </title>
<content type="html">
              <![CDATA[
<p>Alto saxophonist Art Pepper’s playing was cerebral in its melodic concepts, sophisticated in execution and mordant in tone, and his expressive timbre set him apart from his "cooler" West-Coast contemporaries. He played with bandleaders <a href="/music/2009/5/11/benny-carter-nightfall)">Benny Carter</a> and <a href="/encyclopedia/kenton-stan-stanley-newcomb"> Stan Kenton</a> in his teens,  but his career was frequently interrupted by drug abuse. In the 1970s, he reemerged with an invigorated style that could still sound fresh in an ever-changing musical landscape.<p><p>Arthur Edward Pepper Jr. was born on September 1, 1926 in Gardena, California to Arthur Sr. and Mildred Bartold. Pepper’s father Arthur Sr. was a longshoreman and machinist. Both parents were alcoholics, which created ...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>timwilkins</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-20:17478</id>
    <published>2009-10-20T01:44:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-22T01:51:45Z</updated>
    <category term="Encyclopedia"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/encyclopedia/2009/10/20/dodds-baby-warren" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Dodds, Baby (Warren)</title>
<content type="html">
              <![CDATA[
<p>"We played for the comfort of the people," said drummer Baby Dodds, recalling the way he spread the joys of New Orleans rhythm around the United States in the 1920s in the bands of <a href="/encyclopedia/oliver-joe-king ">Joe "King" Oliver, </a><a href="/encyclopedia/morton-jelly-roll-ferdinand-joseph-lamothe ">Jelly Roll Morton,</a> and <a href="/encyclopedia/armstrong-louis ">Louis Armstrong. </a> Everywhere he went, young drummers paid attention. His rolls and off-kilter accents on the snare drum inspired, among others, <a href="/encyclopedia/krupa-gene-eugene-bertram"> Gene Krupa</a> and and "Big" Sid Catlett in Chicago, and <a href="/encyclopedia/webb-william-henry-chick"> Chick Webb </a> in New York. Even his drum kit became the model for aspiring jazz drummers to follow. 
<p...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>timwilkins</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-20:17475</id>
    <published>2009-10-20T00:59:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-21T17:23:33Z</updated>
    <category term="Encyclopedia"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/encyclopedia/2009/10/20/harris-gene-haire-eugene" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Harris, Gene (Haire, Eugene)</title>
<content type="html">
              <![CDATA[
<p>Pianist Gene Harris combined the blues with bebop, gospel and soul in a tasteful mix which contained a wealth of melodic intellect. A founder of the successful soul-jazz trio The Three Sounds, Harris settled in Boise, Idaho, where he was an active educator and festival organizer as well as musician.<p><p>Gene Harris was born Eugene Haire on September 1, 1933 in Benton Harbor, Michigan. As a child, Harris enjoyed the music of local bandleader Charles Metcalf and was inspired to teach himself the piano. At the age of nine, Gene would pick out songs on the piano by ear and slowly built his repertory of popular songs of the day. He further found inspiration in the boogie-woogie style of pianists Pete Johnson and Albert Ammons. <p><p>In 1951, Harris joined the United States Army and bega...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>timwilkins</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-20:17474</id>
    <published>2009-10-20T00:56:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-21T15:57:31Z</updated>
    <category term="Encyclopedia"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/encyclopedia/2009/10/20/mraz-george-jiri" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Mraz, George (Jiri)</title>
<content type="html">
              <![CDATA[
<p>Bassist George Mraz has dedicated his career to developing the melodic potential the bass in the modern jazz ensemble. From his early days with trumpeter Benny Bailey through his recent efforts as a leader, Mraz has created a lyrical style with an almost piano-like sense of phrasing. <p><p>George Mraz was born Jiri Mraz on September 9, 1944 in Pisek, Czechoslovakia. Growing up in Tabor, Czechoslovakia, Mraz began his musical education at the age of seven when he began to study the violin. During his high school years, George began to perform on the alto saxophone. Beginning in 1961, George studied at the Prague Conservatory where he concentrated his efforts on the upright bass. While a student at the conservatory, Mraz recorded his first sessions as a sideman with pianist/vibraphoni...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>timwilkins</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-20:17503</id>
    <published>2009-10-20T00:54:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-23T09:54:57Z</updated>
    <category term="Encyclopedia"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/encyclopedia/2009/10/20/preston-don-donald-ward" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Preston, Don (Donald Ward)</title>
<content type="html">
              <![CDATA[
<p> Don Preston may be best known as the keyboard player with <a href=" /encyclopedia/zappa-frank-vincent">Frank Zappa’s</a> Mothers of Invention band, but is first and foremost a fine jazz pianist who has worked with, among others, <a href=" /encyclopedia/evans-gil-ian-ernest-gilmore-green">Gil Evans, </a><a href=" /encyclopedia/cole-nat-king-nathaniel-adam-coles">Nat Cole, </a><a href =" /encyclopedia/haden-charlie-charles-edward">Charlie Haden</a> <a href=" /encyclopedia/carter-john-wallace">John Carter</a> and <a href=" /encyclopedia/bley-carla-lovella-may-borg">Carla Bley.</a> A electronic synthesizer pioneer, he built his own instrument in 1965, and has worked an extraordinarily diverse series of musical situations over the years, encompassing pop, electronic, contemporary classi...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>timwilkins</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-20:17477</id>
    <published>2009-10-20T00:54:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-21T19:55:52Z</updated>
    <category term="Encyclopedia"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/encyclopedia/2009/10/20/callender-red-george-sylvester" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Callender, Red (George Sylvester)</title>
<content type="html">
              <![CDATA[
<p>Red Callender could lay down a huge walking bass line as easily as he made his upright sing like a violin. An incredibly talented performer on both string bass and tuba, he was also a gifted arranger and composer. Callender’s diverse talents and sensitive accompaniment meant that he was always working, from his first recording session at the age of twenty, until his death at the age of eighty-six.<p>George Sylvester Callender was born March 6th, 1916 in Haynesville, Virginia. Callender’s father was from Barbados, and while primarily of African descent, he also traced his ancestry back to Scotland. Red Callender attributed his “red hair, freckles and light-brown eyes” to this lineage.  <p>Callender grew up with music in the house, as his mother was an amateur singer and guitarist. By...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>timwilkins</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-20:17473</id>
    <published>2009-10-20T00:48:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-21T03:50:22Z</updated>
    <category term="Encyclopedia"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/encyclopedia/2009/10/20/lewis-mel-sokoloff-melvin" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Lewis, Mel (Sokoloff, Melvin)</title>
<content type="html">
              <![CDATA[
<p>Drummer Mel Lewis set a new standard for the modern big band as co-leader of the Thad Jones/Mel Lewis Orchestra in the 1970s. From his early years with bandleader <a href="/encyclopedia/kenton-stan-stanley-newcomb"> Stan Kenton </a>through his hundreds of sessions  as a sideman, Lewis's sophisticated ear made him both a flawless timekeeper and an attentive accompanist.<p><p>Melvin Sokoloff was born on May 10, 1929 in Buffalo, New York. Born to Russian immigrants, Mel’s father was a drummer who performed around the Buffalo area. At the age of three, Lewis began to play the drums after his father showed him how to properly hold the sticks. Lewis played drums through elementary school, then switched to the baritone horn in high school. He later credited his experience learning the bari...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>timwilkins</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-20:17496</id>
    <published>2009-10-20T00:47:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-22T23:49:09Z</updated>
    <category term="Encyclopedia"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/encyclopedia/2009/10/20/wesley-fred-jr" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Wesley, Fred (Jr.)</title>
<content type="html">
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<p>One of the most in-the-pocket practitioners of jazz trombone, Fred Wesley has enjoyed a broad and successful career in popular music.  Best known for his pioneering work in the funk groups of Ike and Tina Turner, <a href=" /music/2009/9/16/james-brown-its-a-mans-man-s-mans-world">James Brown </a>and Parliament, Wesley has also worked as a producer and leader of jazz projects.  Wesley's style borrows heavily from the blues, often juxtaposing riffs against one another in two-measure phrases.  His ability to create a high-energy groove in this context is unparalleled.<p>

Wesley was born on July 4, 1943, to parents Fred Wesley, Sr. and Vetta S. Wesley in Columbus, Georgia.  The family moved to Mobile, Alabama shortly thereafter.  His first musical memories were of his grandmother, wh...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>timwilkins</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-20:17501</id>
    <published>2009-10-20T00:44:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-29T01:23:31Z</updated>
    <category term="Encyclopedia"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/encyclopedia/2009/10/20/rubacalba-gonzalo-gonzalo-julio-gonzalez-fonseca" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Rubalcaba, Gonzalo (Gonzalo Julio Gonzalez Fonseca)</title>
<content type="html">
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<p>Pianist Gonzalo Rubalcaba has built a career, and with it, a musical bridge, to span the rich musical traditions of his native Cuba with North American jazz. Grounded in a deep command of classical technique, his playing can go from silent to explosive, and from subdued to mind-boggling, in a flash.<p><p>Gonzalo Julio Gonzalez Fonseca was born on May 27th, 1963 in Havana, Cuba. Rubalcaba was born into an extremely rich musical family. He is the grandson of Cuban trombonist Jacobo Gonzalez Rubalcaba, who composed a number of famous <i>danzones </i>including <i>El cadete constitucional </i>and <i>Linda Mercedes</i>. His father was pianist Guillermo Rubalcaba and his two brothers were also musicians, Jesús a pianist and William a bassist.<p>
 Gonzalo grew up immersing himself in the m...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>timwilkins</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-20:17506</id>
    <published>2009-10-20T00:37:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-23T17:35:14Z</updated>
    <category term="Encyclopedia"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/encyclopedia/2009/10/20/johnson-bunk-william-geary" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Johnson, Bunk (William Geary)</title>
<content type="html">
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<p>The sounds coming from William Geary "Bunk" Johnson's cornet were always forthright and honest, but his recollections were anything but: he created a labyrinth of misinformation around his early career, the fruit of his fertile imagination and canny self-promotion. <p>What is true is that in the 1940s he became a key figure in the revival of New Orleans music, and made memorable recordings in his brief second career. Johnson's flexible, singing horn style was very much in contrast to the more familiar declamatory sound of his most famous student, <a href=" /encyclopedia/oliver-joe-king">Joe "King" Oliver,</a>  and this offers listeners a fascinating sonic glimpse into the vanished world of early jazz. <p>Whoever was responsible for bestowing the nickname “Bunk” on young William Gear...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>timwilkins</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-20:17486</id>
    <published>2009-10-20T00:20:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-29T01:43:25Z</updated>
    <category term="Encyclopedia"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/encyclopedia/2009/10/20/dorough-bob-robert-lrod" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Dorough, Bob (Robert Lrod)</title>
<content type="html">
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<p>Bob Dorough's  light and amiable vocals, with a slight Arkansas twang, come across as those of a hip and uninhibited hillbilly.  He personalizes everything he sings in an unaffected, natural manner.  Dorough is a fine pianist and composer with a spirited, bop-based style.  He also has a devoted fan base outside of jazz: generations of American children know him for the perennially popular "Schoolhouse Rock" animations he created for ABC-TV.<p><p>Robert Lrod Dorough was born on Dec. 12, 1923 in Cherry Hill, Arkansas.  His family moved to Plainview, Texas, where he discovered jazz while playing clarinet in the high school band.  As a freshman at Texas Tech in Lubbock, he studied arranging and conducting, but was drafted in 1942 and joined an Army band primarily as a saxophonist and pi...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>timwilkins</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-20:17502</id>
    <published>2009-10-20T00:19:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-23T09:19:50Z</updated>
    <category term="Encyclopedia"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/encyclopedia/2009/10/20/sample-joe-joseph-leslie" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Sample, Joe (Joseph Leslie)</title>
<content type="html">
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<p>Pianist Joe Sample was a founding member of the bop-to-funk group the Jazz Crusaders. His style is heavily influenced by the blues and gospel, with sprinklings of <a href="/encyclopedia/garland-red-william"> Red Garland </a> in his in the way he voices chords. A prolific session musician, Sample's later work can be characterized as smooth jazz, with occasional and dramatic flashes of bop.<p>
 A fiery soloist, Sample is capable of playing multiple styles of music. His early piano solos were very rooted in the jazz traditions of swing and bebop. While primarily associated with the Crusaders, Sample has been active as a sideman with drummer <a href="/encyclopedia/rich-buddy-bernard"> Buddy Rich</a> singers <a href="/encyclopedia/fitzgerald-ella"> Ella Fitzgerald</a> Lou Rawls, and the...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>timwilkins</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-20:17484</id>
    <published>2009-10-20T00:19:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-22T18:21:38Z</updated>
    <category term="Encyclopedia"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/encyclopedia/2009/10/20/smith-louis-edward" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Smith, Louis (Edward)</title>
<content type="html">
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<p>Trumpeter Louis Smith recorded a few high-profile hard bop sessions in the late 1950s, including two Blue Note LPs under his own leadership. Soon after, he chose a career in education over the precarious life of a full-time jazz musician. Smith recorded sparingly until the 1990s, when he returned to full-time studio work in a brief but brilliant second career.<p><p>Like many young trumpeters in the 1950s, Smith was deeply influenced by <a href="/encyclopedia/brown-clifford">Clifford Brown </a>and <a href=" /encyclopedia/navarro-fats-theodore">Fats Navarro. </a>While as a young soloit he lacked a wholly distinctive voice, he showed great fluency in hard bop's idiom, and great potential. <p><p>Smith’s long-winded phrases are singable and melodic, gracefully rhythmic, and peppered with...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>timwilkins</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-20:17492</id>
    <published>2009-10-20T00:18:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-23T00:45:26Z</updated>
    <category term="Encyclopedia"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/encyclopedia/2009/10/20/clarke-kenny-klook-kenneth-spearman" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Clarke, Kenny "Klook" (Kenneth Spearman)</title>
<content type="html">
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<p>"That man is modern!" exclaimed Louis Armstrong in 1940 when drummer Kenny “Klook” Clarke joined his band. But Clarke was not just modern, he was revolutionary. When he moved the beat from the hi-hat, which swing drummers like <a href="/encyclopedia/jones-jo-jonathan-david-samuel">Jo Jones </a>played with crossed hands, to the ride cymbal, he unleashed the drum kit's creative potential. With his left hand now free, he played off-beats and "bombs," or bass accents, with his foot. This made jazz more flexible, and every drummer who followed him more eloquent.<p><p><p>Clarke's uncluttered approach to rhythm empowered fellow modernists <a href=" /encyclopedia/christian-charlie-charles-henry">Charlie Christian, </a>Charlie Parker, Dizzy Gillespie, <a href=" /encyclopedia/tristano-lennie-...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>timwilkins</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-20:17504</id>
    <published>2009-10-20T00:18:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-23T10:19:02Z</updated>
    <category term="Encyclopedia"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/encyclopedia/2009/10/20/robinson-reginald-r" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Robinson, Reginald R.</title>
<content type="html">
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 <p><a href="http://reginaldrrobinson.com">Reginald R. Robinson</a> is a pianist and ragtime composer who plays contemporary piano pieces composed in the styles of Scott Joplin (c.1867-1917), Joseph Lamb (1887-1960), and James Scott (1885-1938), which he infuses with his own vision of jazz piano, which includes influences from classical, Latin American music and the blues. <p>Robinson was born in Chicago on October 19, 1972. As a child he grew up hearing his parents listen to music of all sorts, including contemporary jazz, classical, blues, rhythm 'n' blues country & western, and pop. “Personally I was listening to whatever songs that were hit the radio in the 1970s and 80s,” Robinson has said.  <p>Robinson first played music on homemade instruments, accompanying his brother Marlando ...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>timwilkins</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-20:17489</id>
    <published>2009-10-20T00:18:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-29T01:48:48Z</updated>
    <category term="Encyclopedia"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/encyclopedia/2009/10/20/williams-jessica-jennifer" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Williams, Jessica (Jennifer)</title>
<content type="html">
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<p>"Don't ever let anyone stop you," is what Jessica Williams was once told by another relentlessly talented pianist, <a href="/encyclopedia/williams-mary-lou-mary-alfrieda-scruggs">Mary Lou Williams.</a> Indeed, she hasn't: her many recordings confirm a rare ability to combine prodigious technique with sustained invention, as well as unfailing sensitivity, inquisitiveness and wit.  <p><p>Jessica Jennifer Williams was born on March 17, 1948 in Baltimore, Maryland.  She was four when she first played her grandmother's piano and began lessons at seven. At the age of nine she enrolled at the city's Peabody Conservatory of Music, and graduated at age sixteen. <p><p>At Peabody, she studied piano, music theory, ear training, and composition, but at 15 started playing with jazz groups around ...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>timwilkins</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-20:17498</id>
    <published>2009-10-20T00:15:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-23T02:47:05Z</updated>
    <category term="Encyclopedia"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/encyclopedia/2009/10/20/smith-stuff-hezekiah-leroy-gordon" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Smith, Stuff (Hezekiah Leroy Gordon)</title>
<content type="html">
              <![CDATA[
<p>Some say Hezekiah Leroy Gordon “Stuff” Smith was the first to make the violin swing. Others say it was <a href="/music/2009/2/4/eddie-lang-joe-venuti-stringing-the-blues">Joe Venuti, </a>and still others argue it was <a href="/music/2008/3/25/eddie-south-and-stephane-grappelli-daphne">Eddie South.</a> It scarcely matters,  because Smith was certainly among the first and very best jazz violinists, and he remains so decades after his death. And unlike his more conservative peers, Smith's harmonic adventurousness earned him admiration from beboppers including trumpeter<a href="/encyclopedia/gillespie-dizzy-john-birks"> Dizzy Gillespie. </a><p><p>Like <a href="/encyclopedia/armstrong-louis">Louis Armstrong </a>and <a href="/encyclopedia/waller-fats-thomas-wright">Fats Waller, </a>Smith ...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>timwilkins</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-20:17476</id>
    <published>2009-10-20T00:07:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-21T19:09:56Z</updated>
    <category term="Encyclopedia"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/encyclopedia/2009/10/20/carney-harry-howell" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Carney, Harry (Howell)</title>
<content type="html">
              <![CDATA[
<p>When the teenaged Harry Carney came onto the jazz scene in the 1920s, the unwieldy baritone saxophone was little more than a novelty. But within a few years, his masterful tone was so widely imitated that the horn became a fixture of every big band in the country, starting with the <a href="/music/2007/12/3/duke-ellington-sophisticated-lady"> Duke Ellington </a> Orchestra, whose reed section he anchored for nearly five decades. <p><p>Carney was Ellington's most enduring collaborator; he joined Ellington at seventeen, and stayed by the bandleader's side until his death in 1972. His baritone playing became a distinctive element of the Ellington sound, and his skills as a soloist were featured frequently on Ellington mainstays, such as <a href="/music/2007/12/3/duke-ellington-sophistic...]]>
            </content>  </entry>
  <entry xml:base="http://jazz.com/">
    <author>
      <name>timwilkins</name>
    </author>
    <id>tag:jazz.com,2009-10-20:17505</id>
    <published>2009-10-20T00:04:00Z</published>
    <updated>2009-10-23T11:08:11Z</updated>
    <category term="Encyclopedia"/>
    <link href="http://jazz.com/encyclopedia/2009/10/20/shorter-alan" rel="alternate" type="text/html"/>
    <title>Shorter, Alan</title>
<content type="html">
              <![CDATA[
<p>Alan Shorter, like, his younger brother, <a href=" /features-and-interviews/2008/3/21/in-conversation-with-wayne-shorter">Wayne Shorter,</a> started out on the saxophone, then switched to the trumpet and flugelhorn at age seventeen. He played in an avant-garde style from the start. After a brief and brilliant run of recordings over six years, he disappeared from jazz, leaving behind only enigmatic traces of his life in music.  <p> <p>Alan as born in Newark, New Jersey on May 29, 1932, six years before his brother. He attended grammar school on Oliver Street, near the Shorter home. His inquisitive and rebellious personality, typical of his music, was evident even in his childhood . His early practice included playing along with pianist Lennie Tristano’s <i>Crosscurrents. </i><p> The ...]]>
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